[Oct-2021] Verified BPS BPS-Pharmacotherapy Bundle Real Exam Dumps PDF
BPS-Pharmacotherapy Dumps PDF New [2021] Ultimate Study Guide
NEW QUESTION 13
A patient with a nasogastric output of 8 L daily and respirations of 10 bpm has the following - laboratory values:
This clinical information is most consistent with which of the following?
- A. Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
- B. Compensated metabolic alkalosis
- C. Uncompensated metabolic alkalosis
- D. Compensated respiratory alkalosis
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 14
A patient asks for advice relative to an herbal supplement to treat heart failure. The patient is currently NYHA Class III (LVEF 25%) and is adherent to medications, which include digoxin
0.25 mg daily, furosemide 40 mg daily, lisinopril 10 mg daily, carvedilol 6.25 mg twice daily, potassium 20 mEq daily, and simvastatin 40 mg nightly.
The patient has BP of 120/78 mm Hg, HR of 60 bpm, 9 cm JVD, 2+ pitting edema, and has experienced a 2.3 kg weight gain in last 2 days. All laboratory values are within normal limits.
Based on the following information, what is the most appropriate suggestion for the patient?
- A. L-Carnitine
- B. Omega-3-fatty acid
- C. Coenzyme Q10
- D. Avoidance of dietary supplements
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 15
The Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) measures health plan performance on important dimensions of care and service. The benchmarks used for quality of care are derived from goals established by the:
- A. Joint Commission.
- B. National Quality Forum.
- C. National Committee for Quality Assurance.
- D. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 16
A 28 year old patient presents to a physician and reports persistent nasal discharge and facial tenderness for the past 15 days. The patient has no known drug allergies. Which recommendation would be best for treating this acute sinusitis?
- A. Amoxicillin/clavulanate acid
- B. Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
- C. Azithromycin
- D. No antimicrobial indicated at this time
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 17
A 51-year-old male patient reports waking up in the middle of the night and being unable to go back to sleep, but he has no problem falling asleep. The patient says he feels exhausted most days of the Week at Work. His physician prescribes zolpidem 3.5 mg sublingually as needed.
What is the most appropriate counseling point about zolpidem for this patient?
- A. It should be taken shortly before bedtime.
- B. It is unlikely to cause sleep during driving.
- C. It should be taken with a full glass of water.
- D. It may be taken for middle-of-the-night awakenings.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 18
A prospective randomized study is being developed to evaluate the effects of steroids on mortality in patients who are admitted for head injury Patients will be randomly assigned to receive 48 hours of methylprednisolone or placebo. The study will have an 80% power to detect a 2% difference in mortality. Which of the following is an appropriate null hypothesis for this study?
- A. Methylprednisolone will increase mortality by 2% compared with placebo.
- B. Methylprednisolone reduces mortality in head injury patients.
- C. Methylprednisolone will have a 20% reduction in mortality compared with placebo.
- D. Methylprednisolone and placebo are not different with respect to effect on mortality.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 19
A clinical trial is being designed to evaluate the efficacy of an intermediate-acting niacin preparation in a population with regard to amelioration of coronary artery disease risk.
Bioethical considerations would restrict recruitment of subjects with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, recent gastroduodenal ulcer disease, or hyperuricemia. Which principle would consider these patients to be ineligible for enrollment?
- A. Beneficence
- B. Equipoise
- C. Autonomy
- D. Justice
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 20
An article in a clinical pharmacology journal describes a double-blind controlled trial comparing the efficacy of sumatriptan to a placebo injection for intractable migraine which used a 5 point Likert scale to evaluate headaches 2 hours after treatment. Which of the following is the most appropriate statistical test for analyzing the data?
- A. Mann-Whitney U test
- B. Student's t test
- C. Chi-square test
- D. Fisher's exact test
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 21
Post myocardial infarction, a patient's cardiac profile and serum chemistry results show the following values:
Heart rate: 120 bpm
Blood pressure: 80/40 mm Hg
Pulmonary capillary Wedge pressure: 6 mm Hg
Right atrial pressure: 2 mm Hg
Cardiac index: 2.3 L/min/m2
Sodium: 136 mEq/L
Potassium: 4.2 mEq/L
Chloride: 98 mEq/L
Bicarbonate: 22 mEq/L
Blood urea nitrogen: 25 mg/dL
Creatinine: 1.0 mg/dL
Glucose: 110 mg/dL
Which one of the following therapeutic regimens is most appropriate for the initial treatment of this patient?
- A. Furosemide 40 mg intravenous push
- B. Dopamine 15 mcg/kg/min
- C. Normal saline 500 mL/h
- D. Nitroprusside 2 mcg/kg/min
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 22
A 54-year-old male patient (BSA = 1.8 m2) is being treated for head and neck cancer with the following regimen:
* Cisplatin 100 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1
* 5-Fluorouracil 1000 mg/m2 intravenously by continuous infusion on days 1 through 5
* Ondansetron 16 mg intravenously
Which of the following is the appropriate administration instruction for ondansetron?
- A. Thirty minutes before Cisplatin on day 1
- B. One dose 30 minutes before Cisplatin and a repeat dose immediately before 5- fluorouracil on day 1; then repeat daily before 5-fluorouracil
- C. Thirty minutes prior to Cisplatin, thereafter as needed for nausea
- D. Daily prior to 5-fluorouracil infusion on days 1 through 5
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 23
A patient with a COPD exacerbation is treated with prednisone 40 mg daily for one week with improvement. To discontinue the prednisone, the most appropriate procedure would be which of the following?
- A. Reducing the daily prednisone dose by 50% every day until the patient is off the drug.
- B. Reducing the daily prednisone dose by 25% every day until the patient is off the drug.
- C. Stopping prednisone administration without dose tapering.
- D. Reducing the daily prednisone dose by 50% every other day until it is down to 10 mg daily, then reducing it by 25% every other day until the patient is off the drug.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 24
To correct the development of metabolic acidosis in patients receiving standard TPN solutions, which of the following is the best therapeutic intervention?
- A. Decrease the potassium and increase the calcium.
- B. Decrease the chloride and increase the acetate.
- C. Decrease the phosphate and add bicarbonate.
- D. Hyperventilate the patient to produce hypocapnia.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 25
A pharmacy student on rotation in a community health clinic states that he saw medical charts outside exam rooms in the box on the door. He wants to know if this conforms to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) privacy rule. What is the best response?
- A. Yes, provided that the clinic takes reasonable and appropriate measures to protect the patient's privacy
- B. Yes, if the clinic removes the patient's name from the outside of the chart and places the chart in an unlabeled bin
- C. No, patient charts may not be placed outside an exam room door
- D. No, patient charts must be kept in a secure location at the nurses' station or in the room with the patient
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 26
A 48-year-old African American woman presents with BP = 142/96 mm Hg. Serum chemistry values are all within normal ranges. Lifestyle modification was initiated 6 months ago when BP was 146/94 mm Hg. The pharmacotherapy specialist should recommend which of the following?
- A. Losartan 25 mg daily
- B. Atenolol 25 mg daily
- C. Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg daily
- D. Continued lifestyle modification
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 27
A study is conducted comparing two antibiotics for the treatment of UTIs. The results after 7 days of therapy demonstrated that Drug A was superior to Drug B in eradicating bacteria from the urine and eliminating signs and symptoms of infections. The investigators concluded that Drug A was significantly superior to Drug B (p<0.05). In subsequent studies, however, the two drugs were equivalent in efficacy.
Which one of the following types of error apparently occurred in the first study?
- A. Type ||
- B. Beta error
- C. Type |
- D. Regression to the mean
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 28
Which statement best describes current recommendations on postnatal corticosteroids in neonatal Broncho pulmonary dysplasia?
- A. Late and long-term hydrocortisone therapy may be warranted.
- B. High-dose dexamethasone is routinely and strongly recommended.
- C. Combination of dexamethasone and hydrocortisone long-term therapies is advised.
- D. Early, low-dose, short-course hydrocortisone therapy may be beneficial.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 29
Which of the following is an advantage of a crossover-design clinical trial?
- A. Smaller sample size needed
- B. No period effect
- C. No carryover effect
- D. No randomization needed
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 30
A 42-year-old woman is diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis. Heparin therapy is initiated with
5,000 units as a single bolus injection, followed by an initial infusion rate of 1,000 units/h. The aPTT measured 6 hours later is >150 sec. Which of the following would be the most appropriate action at this time?
- A. Stop the infusion until the aPTT falls to <50 sec, and then resume at 750 units/h.
- B. Stop the infusion for one hour, then resume at 750 units/h.
- C. Continue the infusion at 1,000 units/h, since the aPTT was drawn too early and is not useful.
- D. Administer protamine 5 mg, and decrease the infusion rate to 750 units/h.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 31
A pharmacotherapy specialist is the anticoagulation clinic manager at a for-profit institution.
One of the internal medicine physicians in this institution is interested in submitting a research grant application to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to study the effectiveness of low- intensity warfarin therapy on prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism in patients.
This was the subject of the PREVENT trial.
With regard to the grant application, the pharmacotherapy specialist should inform the physician about which of the following restrictions?
- A. NIH-funded research can take place only on the campus.
- B. The NIH provides grants only to nonprofit organizations.
- C. The NIH funds only studies involving drugs that have not yet been FDA-approved.
- D. The NIH funds only novel research.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 32
Many clinically important adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are detected after the marketing of a drug, rather than during premarketing clinical trials. Of the following, which is the primary reason for this phenomenon?
- A. Too few patients are studied for too short a period of time during premarketing clinical trials.
- B. Pharmaceutical companies prefer to market agents with favorable side-effect profiles, so they focus premarketing studies on efficacy rather than on ADRs.
- C. Adverse reactions that are due to drug interactions or drug accumulation in renal insufficiency cannot be studied prospectively during the premarketing phase of clinical evaluation.
- D. Premarketing studies focus on efficacy rather than on safety; therefore, the study design accounts for the failure to detect ADRs.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 33
With regard to the privacy rule of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), which of the following statements is correct with regard to the use or disclosure of Protected Health Information (PHI) in clinical research?
- A. A researcher may use or disclose PHI if the individual patient has provided verbal consent.
- B. A researcher may use or disclose PHI if the individual patient has provided written authorization or if a Waiver has been obtained from an IRB.
- C. If the data being used do not include the patient's name or health record number, no authorization or waiver is required.
- D. If the data are being used for preparatory research, no written authorization or waiver is required.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 34
A 58-year-old woman presents to the emergency department of a small rural hospital with recurrent chest pain that is unrelieved by three sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. Initial evaluation of her ECG and cardiac enzymes are consistent with non-STEMI. The woman is admitted for observation and given aspirin. Which of the following should be added to this patient's regimen to reduce her risk of death, MI, and recurrent ischemia?
- A. Subcutaneous heparin
- B. Intravenous t-PA
- C. Subcutaneous enoxaparin
- D. Oral warfarin
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 35
A patient with hepatic encephalopathy is being treated with lactulose 15 mL four times daily.
Over the next 72 hours, the patient becomes less agitated but remains disoriented. Which of the following should be the next step?
- A. Begin branched-chain amino-acid supplementation.
- B. Add neomycin 1 g four times daily.
- C. Determine the frequency of bowel movements.
- D. Measure stool pH to ensure that it is greater than 7.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 36
A patient presents at a physician's office with gait unsteadiness and clumsiness. The patient has a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic numbness and tingling of the feet and fingertips.
Examination reveals mild distal wasting, glove-and-stocking sensory impairment, absent ankle jerks, brisk knee jerks, and bilateral Babinski reflexes. Gait is slightly ataxic.
CBC reveals a hemoglobin of 10.1 g/dL, WBC of 4,500 cells/mL, MCV 120 fL, and platelets
163,000 cells/ul.
Which of the following is the most important laboratory test for assisting in diagnosis?
- A. Ferritin
- B. Folic acid
- C. Serum vitamin B12
- D. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 37
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